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Manage the OpenEdge Database

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Table of Contents
  • Database Basics
    • Create and Delete Databases
      • Ways to create an OpenEdge database
      • Database creation and large file support
      • Create a database with PROSTRCT CREATE
        • Create a structure description file
          • Extent pathnames and naming conventions
          • Rules for creating storage areas and extents
          • Extent length
          • Example structure description file
          • Example structure description file for large files
        • Create a database structure extent
          • Add schema to a void database
      • Create a database with the PRODB utility
      • PRODB maintains pathname convention
      • Create a database with a Data tool
      • Convert an OpenEdge Release 12 Database to OpenEdge Release 13
        • Prepare to convert replication-enabled databases from OpenEdge 12 to OpenEdge 13
        • Convert replication-enabled databases from OpenEdge 12 to OpenEdge 13 without target rebase
      • Convert an OpenEdge Release 11 Database to OpenEdge Release 12
      • Use the Schema Mover
      • Convert an OpenEdge Release 10 database to OpenEdge Release 12
      • Database conversion utilities
      • Copy a database
        • Copy a database using PROCOPY
          • PROCOPY uses absolute pathnames
      • Delete a database
    • OpenEdge RDBMS Limits
      • Database block sizes
      • Maximum number of records per block
      • Number and size of storage areas
        • Recovery sizes
      • Table and index limits
      • Number and size of sequences
      • Maximum size of the primary recovery (BI) area
      • Maximum database size
      • Number of connections per database
      • Number of simultaneous transactions per database
      • OpenEdge database name limits
      • File Handles
      • Shared memory
      • Data types and values
      • Collation and character set information
    • Start Up and Shut Down
      • Unified Broker Framework
        • OpenEdge Management
        • OpenEdge Explorer
        • Manage database configurations
        • Use the DBMAN command-line utility
      • Start a server or broker
        • Specify international character sets
          • Specify the operating character set
          • Specify the character set name of the database log file
        • Network addressing using -S and -H
        • Start multiple brokers using the same protocol
        • Access a server behind a firewall
        • Start database brokers for TLS connections
      • Check the database state
      • Threaded Database Server Functionality Delivered on Windows NT64 and Linux64 Platforms
        • Initiate a Threaded Server Process
        • Monitor Threaded Servers and Remote Connections
      • Start and stop background writers and before-image manager
        • Start and stop an APW
        • Start and stop a BIW
        • Start and stop an AIW
        • Start and stop a BIM
      • Stop a server or broker
        • PROSHUT command
        • PROMON shut down database option
  • Protecting Your Data
    • Backup Strategies
      • Identify files for backup
      • Determine the type of backup
        • Full backups
        • Incremental backups
        • Online backups
        • Offline backups
        • Backups with compression
      • Choose backup media
      • Create a backup schedule
        • Database integrity
        • Database size
        • Time
        • Unscheduled backups
    • Back Up a Database
      • Use PROBKUP
        • Perform an online full backup with PROBKUP
          • UNIX full backup example
          • Backup Counter Increment limits using the PROBKUP Utility with Type I storage areas
        • Test backups
        • Archive backups
      • Perform an offline backup
      • Perform an online backup
        • Improve performance of an online backup
      • Use database quiet points
      • Back up with compression
      • Run a multi-threaded backup
      • Perform an operating system backup
      • Database backup examples
        • Incremental backup example
        • Full backup example
      • Verify a backup
      • CRC codes and redundancy in backup recovery
        • CRC codes
        • Error-correction blocks
      • Restore a database
        • Use the PROREST utility to restore a database
        • Important rules for restoring backups
        • Obtain storage area descriptions using PROREST
        • Obtain backup file descriptions using PROREST -describe utility
        • Run a multi-threaded restore
        • Database restore examples
          • Full backup restore example
          • Incremental backup restore example
    • Recover a Database
      • Introduction to recovery mechanisms
        • Crash recovery
        • Roll-forward recovery
        • Two-phase commit
      • File locations that ensure safe recovery
      • Develop a recovery plan
        • Time needed for recovery
        • Recovery guidelines
      • Sample recovery plans
        • Example 1: Low availability requirements
        • Example 2: Moderate availability requirements
        • Example 3: Moderate-to-high availability requirements
        • Example 4: high availability requirements
        • Sample recovery scenarios
      • After-imaging and roll-forward recovery commands
      • Recover from system failures
        • System crash while running RFUTIL ROLL FORWARD
        • System crash while running other utilities
        • System crash while backing up the database
        • System crash while database is up
      • Recovering from media failures
        • Loss of the DB files, BI files, or both
        • Loss of the AI file
        • Loss of database backup
        • Loss of transaction log file
      • Recover from a full disk
        • After-image area disk
        • Control or primary recovery area disk
          • BI file not on full disk
          • BI file on the full disk
        • Transaction log file disk
      • Truncate the BI file
      • Release shared memory
      • Recover from a lost or damaged control area
      • Unlock damaged databases
      • Dump tables from a damaged database
      • Force access to a damaged database
    • After-imaging
      • After-image areas and extents
        • Fixed-length extents
        • Variable-length extents
      • Estimate after-imaging disk space requirements
      • Create after-image areas
        • Add AI areas to an existing database
      • Enable after-imaging offline
        • Enable encrypted after-imaging offline for an encryption-enabled database
        • Enable unencrypted after-imaging offline for an encryption-enabled database
      • Enable after-imaging online
        • Enable encrypted after-imaging online for an encryption-enabled database
        • Enable unencrypted after-imaging online for an encryption-enabled database
      • After-image file summary
        • Show an after-image file summary
      • Manage after-imaging files
        • Monitor AI file status
        • Switch to a new AI file
          • Switch to the next extent in the sequence
        • Archive an AI file
          • Schedule backups
          • Perform the backup
          • Protect the backup
          • Extract AI blocks
        • Make an AI file available for reuse
      • AI File Management utility
        • Automatic extent archiving
          • Timed mode archiving process without OpenEdge Replication
          • Timed mode archiving process with OpenEdge Replication
          • On-demand archiving process without OpenEdge Replication
          • On-demand archiving process with OpenEdge Replication
        • Enable your database for automated AI file management
          • Enable an offline database for automated AI file management
          • Enable an online database for automated AI file management
          • Enable an online database for automated AI file management during backup
          • Additional info for enabling automated AI file management
        • Monitor and adjust automated AI file management
        • Restart the AI file management utility daemon
        • Archived extents
        • Archive log file
          • Version indicator record
          • Archive record
          • Backup record
        • Database recovery with an archival log
      • Add and reorder AI extents
      • Perform roll-forward recovery
        • Roll forward with the OPLOCK qualifier
          • Treatment of operations while under protection
        • Roll forward multiple files
          • Apply after-images files from a list
        • Perform roll-forward recovery on encryption-enabled databases
          • Roll-forward recovery with fewer than 100 rekey operations
          • Roll-forward recovery with more than 100 rekey operations
          • Roll-forward recovery when the source database is enabled for HSM
      • After-image sequences
        • Sequence not required
        • Sequence required
      • Disable after-imaging
        • Disable encryption of AI files when disabling after-imaging
    • Maintain Security
      • Establish an OpenEdge user ID and password
        • OpenEdge user IDs
        • OpenEdge passwords
        • Validate an OpenEdge user ID and password
      • Establish authentication for your OpenEdge database
        • Tables used from ABL only
        • Tables used from SQL only
        • Tables used from both ABL and SQL
      • Add HSM as a second layer of TDE authentication
        • Overview of HSM security
          • HSM architectural overview
          • How an HSM increases security
          • Coordinate HSM administration tasks
        • Set up HSM security for TDE enabled databases
          • Check for TDE encryption
          • Get HSM connection information
          • Verify HSM token access
          • Back up the database and keystore file
          • Enable HSM support for a TDE enabled database
          • Ensure that replication or hot standby target can access HSM
          • Validate the HSM configuration for interactions
        • Maintain HSM security for TDE enabled databases
          • Troubleshoot HSM connections and configuration
          • Rebind a keystore secured with HSM authentication
          • Reconstruct a keystore secured with HSM
        • Disable HSM authentication for TDE-enabled databases
      • Connection security
        • Designate valid users in the _User table accounts
        • Designate a security administrator
          • Enter user IDs for security administrators
        • Delete a user from the _User table accounts
        • Change a password for database users
      • Run a user report
      • Schema security
        • Freeze and unfreeze schema
      • Operating systems and database security
    • Auditing
      • Auditable events
        • Audit events
        • Security events
        • Schema events
        • Data events
        • Administration events
        • Utility events
        • User events
        • Application events
      • Auditing states
      • Enable and disable auditing
        • Enable auditing
        • Re-enable auditing from a deactivated state
        • Disable auditing
      • Auditing tables
        • Indexes on auditing tables
      • Archive audit data
        • Audit archive process
          • Basic archive process
          • Archive process with seal verification
      • Reconfigure audit areas
        • Split one audit area into separate data and index areas
        • Combine audit data and index areas into one area
        • Move existing audit data and indexes to new areas
        • Purge data in existing audit data areas
      • Auditing impact on database resources
      • Auditing impact on database utilities
        • Identify the privileged user
          • _User table
          • Local operating system login
          • Specify encoded passwords
      • Utility modifications
        • Protected tables
        • Protected areas
        • Enhanced utilities
        • Expanded PROUTIL syntax
    • Transparent Data Encryption
      • Overview
        • Before you start
        • What is encryptable
        • Data considerations
        • Database keystore
          • Configure keystore access
        • OpenEdge supported ciphers
      • Enable encryption
        • Add an encryption policy area
        • Run ENABLEENCRYPTION
        • Enable BI file encryption after enabling encryption
        • Enable AI file encryption after enabling encryption
        • Verify enablements
      • Online TDE DB policy management
        • Encryption DB policy states
        • Encryption DB policy work flow
        • Enable TDE DB policy management
        • Disable TDE DB policy management
        • Change the database master key
          • Change the database master key and activate it later
          • Change the encryption DB policy cipher
        • View and scan the encryption DB policy
        • Retire an encryption DB policy
      • Create encryption policies
        • Create encryption policies with PROUTIL EPOLICY
        • Create encryption policies with Data Admin
      • Encrypt your existing data
        • EPOLICY MANAGE UPDATE EXAMPLE
        • All new data is encrypted
      • Run with Transparent Data Encryption enabled
        • Manual start
        • Autostart
          • Change autostart configuration
          • Disable autostart
          • Temporary files
          • Refresh autostart
        • Restricted utility access
        • Database backups
        • Move tables and indexes
        • Binary dump and load of data
        • Audit Transparent Data Encryption
        • Replication support
      • Maintain Transparent Data Encryption
        • Rekey encryption policies with Data Admin
        • Rekey encryption policies with PROUTIL EPOLICY
          • Change the cipher of an encryption policy
        • View encryption policy history in Data Admin
      • Disable encryption
      • OpenEdge SQL support for Transparent Data Encryption
    • Transport Layer Security
      • Set Up OpenEdge Replication for TLS
        • Configure source and target databases with shared keys and certificates on the same host
        • Configure source and target with the same TLS data but different hosts
        • Configure source and target for TLS with different keys and certificates on different hosts
      • Log TLS messages during OpenEdge Replication
      • Monitor TLS for OpenEdge Replication
      • Troubleshoot TLS issues for OpenEdge Replication
    • Replicate Data
      • Replication schemes
        • Trigger-based replication
        • Log-based site replication
        • Asynchronous replication
      • Database ownership models
        • Distribution model
        • Consolidation model
          • Peer-to-peer model
      • Implement log-based site replication
        • Log-based replication procedure
    • Distributed Transaction Processing
      • Distributed transactions
      • Two-phase commit with ABL clients
        • How the database engine implements two-phase commit
        • Two-phase commit and roll-forward recovery
        • Enable two-phase commit
        • Modify the database nickname and priority
        • Transaction log area
        • Deactivate two-phase commit
        • Limbo transactions with two-phase commit
        • Resolve limbo transactions
        • Resolve limbo transactions with PROUTIL
        • Resolve limbo transaction scenarios
          • Scenario 1: You are on a client machine and the server fails
          • Scenario 2: You are starting up PROUTIL and have a power failure
          • Scenario 3: You are on a client machine and it fails
        • Two-phase commit case study
      • Java Transaction API (JTA) support
        • JTA resource impact
        • JTA processing impact
        • Enable JTA support
        • Disable JTA support
        • JTA transactions and OpenEdge Replication
        • Monitor JTA transactions
        • Resolve JTA transactions
    • Dynamic data masking in OpenEdge database
      • Overview of dynamic data masking in OpenEdge database
      • Access control to support OpenEdge dynamic data masking
      • Database utilities for administering dynamic data masking
      • Dynamic data masking and OpenEdge backward compatibility
  • Maintaining and Monitoring Your Database
    • Restrict database access
      • View restricted mode status
      • Change from one restricted mode to another
      • Troubleshoot restricted mode status
    • Manage Performance
      • Introduction to performance management
      • Tools for monitoring performance
        • PROMON utility
        • Virtual system tables
      • Server performance factors
        • CPU usage
        • Disk I/O
        • Database I/O
          • Storage areas
          • Database buffers
          • How the database engine writes modified buffers
          • Monitor database buffer activity
          • Tune database buffers
          • Use private read-only buffers
          • Use APWs to improve performance
          • Monitor APWs
          • Monitor user I/O
          • LRU Concurrency
        • Before-image I/O
          • Monitor BI activity
          • Manage before-image file growth
          • Move the BI file
          • Use a before-image writer
          • Provide more BI buffers
          • Increase the BI cluster size
          • Increase the number of BI clusters
          • Increase the BI block size
          • Delay BI writes
          • Set a BI threshold
          • Enable threshold stall
          • Use PROQUIET to adjust the BI threshold
        • After-image I/O
          • Monitor AI activity
          • Use an after-image writer
          • Increase the AI block size
        • Direct I/O
      • Memory usage
        • Process address space overview
        • Control memory use
        • Shared memory allocation
        • Shared memory and kernel configuration
        • Monitor memory use
        • Shared memory summary
      • Alternate Buffer Pool
        • Overview
        • Designate objects to the Alternate Buffer Pool
          • Specify areas for the Alternate Buffer Pool
          • Specify objects for the Alternate Buffer Pool
          • Data definition files
        • View Alternate Buffer Pool selections
          • View Alternate Buffer Pool settings with the Data Dictionary
          • View Alternate Buffer Pool settings with PROUTIL
        • Allocate Alternate Buffer Pool
      • Operating system resources
        • Processes
          • Identify unresponsive sessions
        • Semaphores
          • Allocate semaphores
        • Spin locks
        • File descriptors
      • Network Communication
        • Prefetch tuning
          • Enabling prefetch delay
          • Specifying number of records prefetched
          • Specifying the percent of a network buffer used for prefetch records
          • Calculating prefetch buffer utilization
          • Prefetch priority
        • Message wait
      • Read-only connections
      • Database fragmentation
        • Analyze database fragmentation
        • Eliminate database fragmentation
        • Manage fragmentation
      • Index use
        • Analyze index use
        • Compact indexes
        • Index utilities
        • Rebuild indexes
          • Overcome SRT size limitations
          • Maximize index rebuild performance
          • Reactivate unique indexes
        • Activate a single index
        • Database Client Notification
      • Change Database Client Notification poll time
      • Change database parameters while the database is running
      • Virtual system tables
    • Maintain Database Structure
      • OpenEdge Structure utility
      • OpenEdge Structure Statistics utility
      • OpenEdge Structure List utility
      • OpenEdge Structure Add utility
        • PROSTRCT ADD and pathnames
        • Add extents to existing storage areas
      • OpenEdge Structure Add Online utility
      • Extend variable-length database extents
      • Area numbers
        • Area number assignment
        • Trim unused area memory
        • Error checking
          • Server startup
          • Add areas online
      • Validate structure description files
      • OpenEdge Structure Remove utility
      • OpenEdge Structure Remove Online utility
      • Truncate data storage areas
      • Remove data storage areas
        • Remove data storage from replicated databases
      • Return data storage space to the operating system
      • Maintain indexes and tables
        • Set default storage areas for creating database objects
        • Show default storage areas for creating database objects
        • Move tables
        • Truncate tables
        • Specify target areas when moving table data
        • Change non-structural fields of _File and _Field online
        • Change Int to Int64 online
        • Move indexes
        • Compact indexes
          • Troubleshoot index compaction
        • Repair indexes
          • Troubleshoot record and index fragmentation
      • Perform chain analysis online
        • Important considerations when performing chain analysis online
      • Perform chain analysis offline
      • Run concurrent diagnostic utilities on a stopped database
      • Use virtual system tables
    • Multi-tenant database
      • Multi-tenant database introduction
      • Multi-tenant database architecture
        • Simple tenancy
        • Multi-tenant groups
        • Multi-tenant features
      • Enable multi-tenancy
      • Creating multi-tenant elements
        • Database administration tools
          • Database Administration Console
            • Data Administration
            • ABL
          • Data Dictionary
          • Data Administration
        • ABL
        • OpenEdge SQL
      • Tenant Data Recovery
        • Restrictions
        • Step 1: Restore your database backup
        • Step 1A: Restrict access to your temporary database
        • Step 2: Roll forward after-image files
        • Step 3: Move data with PROUTIL DATAMOVE
          • Move one table with the DATAMOVE command line
          • Move one sequence with the DATAMOVE command line
        • Move multiple tables and sequences with the DATAMOVE user interface
          • Move table data by tenant
          • Move Sequence values by tenant
          • Move table data by group
          • Set records per transaction
        • Step 4: Tenant data recovery clean up
          • Remove access restriction from your source database
          • Delete source database
      • Database utilities
        • Unchanged utilities
        • Indirectly changed utilities
        • Multi-tenant aware utilities
        • Multi-tenant index rebuild
        • Control the usage of multi-tenant database resources using multi-tenant governors
        • Show syntax help for database utilities
    • Table-partitioned database
      • Table partitioning details
      • Table partition types
      • Table partitioning restrictions
      • Indexes for table partitions
      • Partition your database
      • Manage partitions
        • Split partitions
        • Merge partitions
        • Truncate partitions
        • Rename partitions
        • Alter partition state
        • View partitions
        • Copy partition data
          • Restrictions on copying a partition
          • Step 1: Restoring your database backup
          • Step 1A: Restrict access to your temporary database
          • Step 2: Rolling forward after-image files
          • Step 3: Moving data with PROUTIL PARTITIONMANAGE COPY
            • Copy one partition with the PARTITIONMANAGE COPY command line
            • Copy multiple partitions with the PARTITIONMANAGE COPY user interface
          • Step 4: Partition copy clean up
            • Remove access restriction from your source database
            • Clear partition copy pending state
      • Partition-level database administration
        • Partition-scoped utilities
        • Table-partitioned index rebuild
    • Change Data Capture
      • Change Data Capture highlights
      • CDC and other RDBMS features
      • Enable CDC
      • Deactivate CDC feature on a database without a CDC license
      • Use the CDC cache
    • Diagnostic Data Collection
      • Events
        • Specifying an event
        • Event Levels
      • Data Files
      • Protrace data
      • C stack print option (-cstackPrintopt)
      • DiagProc file
      • Diagnostic data startup parameters
      • Diagnostic data collection in PROMON
        • Diagnostic Data Collection menu
      • Diagnostic data output file formats
        • Diagnostic tracking file
        • Diagnostic BI threshold files
        • Lock table overflow files
        • Syserror event files
    • Dumping and Loading
      • Overview of dumping and loading
        • Dump and load limitations
      • Dump ABL database definitions
        • Dumping ABL database or table definitions
          • Batch dump ABL data definitions
        • Definition file format
        • Multi-tenant keywords
        • Creating an incremental ABL data definitions file
        • Dumping sequence definitions
        • Dumping auto-connect records
      • Dump Change Data Capture policies
      • Load Change Data Capture policies
      • Dump database contents
        • Dump table contents with PROUTIL
          • Results of a binary dump with PROUTIL
          • Format of a binary dump file
        • Dump selective contents with PROUTIL
        • Dump data from corrupted records with PROUTIL
        • Dump table contents with a Data tool
        • Contents file format
        • Dump sequence values with a Data tool
        • Dump user table contents with a Data tool
        • Dump an SQL view file's contents with a Data tool
      • Load database definitions
        • Load updated ABL data definitions
          • Batch Load updated ABL data definitions
        • Load database contents
          • Load table contents in binary format with PROUTIL
            • Recover from an aborted binary load
          • Load table contents with a Data tool
          • Load user table contents with a Data tool
          • Load an SQL view file contents
          • Load sequence values using a Data tool
        • Bulk loading
          • Create a Bulk Loader description file
          • Modify a Bulk Loader description file
          • Load table contents with the Bulk Loader qualifier
        • Reconstruct bad load records
        • Specialized dump and load techniques
          • Create a starting version of a database
          • Use a constant table in multiple databases
          • Economize disk space
          • Optimize data for sequential access
          • Optimize data for random access
          • Use no-integrity mode bulk data loading
          • Save disk space by deactivating indexes
            • Deactivate indexes from Data Administration
            • Deactivate indexes from the Data Dictionary
            • Deactivate indexes from an ABL procedure
    • Logged Data
      • OpenEdge database log file
      • Database log file customization
      • Manage log file size
      • Log file archive and truncate
        • Log file truncate and archive startup parameters
        • PROMON Database Log file management
        • _DbParams VST
        • Archiving
        • Truncated and archived files
      • Save key database events
        • Define key events
        • Save key events
        • Enable save key events
        • Disable save key events
        • Stored key events
        • _KeyEvt table
          • _KeyEvt table creation
          • _KeyEvt schema
          • _KeyEvt table maintenance
      • Event logging in Windows
        • Manage OpenEdge RDBMS events in Windows
        • Understand the event log components
        • The Event Log and the registry
      • Client database-request statement caching
      • Find connected brokers and servers
  • Reference
    • Startup and Shutdown Commands
      • Startup command syntax
      • Database startup and shutdown commands
      • PROAIW command
      • PROAPW command
      • PROBIM command
      • PROBIW command
      • PROQUIET command
      • PROSERVE command
      • PROSHUT command
      • PROWDOG command
    • Database Startup Parameters
      • Issue startup parameters
        • Generate parameter files
      • Database server performance parameters
      • Database server-type parameters
      • Database server internationalization parameters
      • Database server statistics parameters
      • Database server consistency check parameters
      • Database server TLS connection parameters
      • Database server network parameters
      • Startup parameter usage categories
      • Alphabetical listing of database startup parameters
        • AdminServer Port (-adminport)
        • After-image File Management Archive Directory List (-aiarcdir)
        • After-image File Management Archive Directory Create (-aiarcdircreate)
        • After-image File Management Archive Interval (-aiarcinterval)
        • After-image Buffers (-aibufs)
        • After-image Stall (-aistall)
        • Area consistency check (-AreaCheck)
        • Blocks in Database Buffers (-B)
        • Blocks in Alternate Buffer Pool (-B2)
        • Base Index (-baseindex)
        • Base LOB (-baselob)
        • Base Table (-basetable)
        • Base user index (-baseuserindex)
        • Base user LOB (-baseuserlob)
        • Base user table (-baseusertable)
        • Before-image Buffers (-bibufs)
        • Before-image scan time (-biscantime)
        • Threshold Stall (-bistall)
        • Recovery Log Threshold (-bithold)
        • Maximum Private Buffers per Connection (-Bpmax)
        • Schema Cache File (-cache)
        • CDC cache size (-cdcsize)
        • SQL Server Java Classpath (-classpath)
        • Client Database-Request Statement Cache Allocation Factor (-clstmtCacheAllocationFactor)
        • Client Database-Request Statement Caching Directory (-clstmtCacheDir)
        • Client Database-Request Statement Caching Level (-clstmtCacheLevel)
        • Client Database-Request Statement Cache Size (-clstmtCacheSize)
        • Client Database-Request Statement Caching User Type (-clstmtCacheType)
        • Conversion Map (-convmap)
        • Case Table (-cpcase)
        • Collation Table (-cpcoll)
        • Internal Code Page (-cpinternal)
          • Conversion Map (-convmap)
        • Log File Code Page (-cplog)
        • Print Code Page (-cpprint)
        • R-code in Code Page (-cprcodein)
        • Stream Code Page (-cpstream)
        • Terminal Code Page (-cpterm)
        • Crash Recovery Status (-crStatus)
        • Crash Recovery Transaction Display (-crTXDisplay)
        • C stack print option (-cstackPrintopt)
        • Database consistency check (-DbCheck)
        • Database Notification Operations (-dbnotifyops)
        • Database Notification Time (-dbnotifytime)
        • Diagnostic directory (-diagDir)
        • Diagnostic events value (-diagEvent)
        • Diagnostic event level (-diagEvtLevel)
        • Diagnostic data format (-diagFormat)
        • Diagnostic field separator (-diagFS)
        • Diagnostic frequency (-diagFrequency)
        • Diagnostic pause length (-diagPause)
        • Diagnostic prefix value (-diagPrefix)
        • Diagnostic process (-diagProc)
        • Top diagnostic event triggers (-diagTopN)
        • Direct I/O (-directio)
        • Encryption cache size (-ecsize)
        • Enforce Mm (-enforceMm)
        • Event Level (-evtlevel)
        • Before-image Truncate Interval (-G)
        • Group Delay (-groupdelay)
        • Host Name (-H)
        • Host Name Aliasing (-hostnameAliasing)
        • Hash Table Entries (-hash)
        • No Crash Protection (-i)
        • Index consistency check (-IndexCheck)
        • Index Range Size (-indexrangesize)
        • Internet Protocol (-ipver)
        • Key Alias (-keyalias)
        • Key Alias Password (-keyaliaspasswd)
        • Lock Table Entries (-L)
        • Lock Governor (-LGovernor)
        • Log file archive enable (-lgArchiveEnable)
        • Log file archive directory (-lgArchiveDir)
        • Log file truncate frequency (-lgTruncateFrequency)
        • Log file truncate size (-lgTruncateSize)
        • Log file truncate time (-lgTruncateTime)
        • Limit log file payload (-limitLgPayload)
        • Lock Table Hash Size (-lkhash)
        • Lock release (-lkrela)
        • LOB range (-lobrangesize)
        • LRU force skips (-lruskips)
        • LRU alternate buffer pool force skips (-lru2skips)
        • Auto Server (-m1)
        • Secondary Login Broker (-m3)
        • Maximum area number (-maxAreas)
        • Maximum Clients per Server (-Ma)
        • Maximum Dynamic Server (-maxport)
        • Maximum JTA Transactions (-maxxids)
        • Memory consistency check (-MemCheck)
        • Delayed BI File Write (-Mf)
        • Minimum Clients per Server (-Mi)
        • Minimum Dynamic Server (-minport)
        • Message Buffer Size (-Mm)
        • Maximum Servers (-Mn)
        • Servers per Protocol (-Mp)
        • Maximum Servers Per Broker (-Mpb)
        • Multi-tenancy Partition Cache Size (-mtpmsize)
        • User MUX Latches (-mux)
        • Shared-memory Overflow Size (-Mxs)
        • Network Type (-N)
        • Number of Users (-n)
        • Nap Time (-nap)
        • Nap Maximum (-napmax)
        • Nap Time Steps (-napstep)
        • Login Governor (-nGovernor)
        • Message Wait (-Nmsgwait)
        • TLS No Host Verify (-nohostverify)
        • No Session Cache (-nosessioncache)
        • No Session Reuse (-nosessionreuse)
        • Number of checkpoint statistics (-numCheckpointStats)
        • Omit Log Messages (-omitLgMsgs)
        • Storage Object Cache Size (-omsize)
        • Prompt for Passphrase (-Passphrase)
        • Pending Connection Time (-PendConnTime)
        • Parameter File (-pf)
        • Database Service Communication Area Size (-pica)
        • Database PICA Queue Nap Time (-picanap)
        • Prompt for Pin (-Pin)
        • Pin Shared Memory (-pinshm)
        • Prefetch delay (-prefetchDelay)
        • Prefetch factor (-prefetchFactor)
        • Prefetch Num Recs (-prefetchNumRecs)
        • Prefetch Priority (-prefetchPriority)
        • Configuration Properties File (-properties)
        • Buffered I/O (-r)
        • Record free chain search depth factor (-recspacesearchdepth)
        • Service Name (-S)
        • Schema Lock Wait Queue(-schlockwq)
        • Security cache size (-secsize)
        • Semaphore Sets (-semsets)
        • Server Group (-servergroup)
        • Type of Server to Start (-ServerType)
        • Session Timeout (-sessiontimeout)
        • Shared memory segment size (-shmsegsize)
        • Spin Lock Retries (-spin)
        • Autonomous Update Statistics (-SQLAutoStats)
        • SQL Open Cursors (-SQLCursors)
        • Lock Wait Timeout (-SQLLockWaitTimeout)
        • SQL rowid identifier(-SQLQuotedRowid)
        • SQL Stack Size (-SQLStack)
        • SQL Statement Cache Size (-SQLStmtCache)
        • SQL Sorting Memory (-SQLTempBuff)
        • SQL Sorting on Disk (-SQLTempDisk)
        • SQL Temp Table Data Page (-SQLTempPageSize)
        • Authorized Data Truncation(-SQLTruncateTooLarge)
        • Autonomous Schema Update (-SQLWidthUpdate)
        • Server-side join (-ssj)
        • TLS Encryption for TCP/IP Connections (-ssl)
        • STS logging level (-stslogginglevel)
        • Temporary Directory (-T)
        • Table consistency check (-TableCheck)
        • Table Range Size (-tablerangesize)
        • Threaded Server (-threadedServer)
        • Threaded Server Stack (-threadedServerStack)
        • Transaction End (TXE) Lock Retry Limit (-TXERetryLimit)
        • Transaction End (TXE) Lock Skip Limit (-TXESkipLimit)
        • User index range (-userindexrangesize)
        • User LOB range (-userlobrangesize)
        • User Table Range (-usertablerangesize)
        • Database Client Notification (-usernotifytime)
        • Century Year Offset (-yy)
    • PROMON Utility
      • PROMON utility
      • PROMON User Control option
      • PROMON Locking and Waiting statistics option
      • PROMON Block Access option
      • PROMON Record Locking Table option
      • PROMON Activity option
      • PROMON Shared Resources option
      • PROMON Database Status option
      • PROMON Shut Down Database option
      • PROMON Currently Connected Tenants option
      • PROMON R&D Advanced Options
      • R&D Status Displays
        • Database
        • Backup
        • Servers
        • Processes/Clients
        • Files
        • Lock Table
        • Buffer Cache
        • Logging Summary
        • BI Log
        • AI Log
        • Two-phase Commit
        • Startup Parameters
        • Shared Resources
        • Shared Memory Segments
        • AI Extents
        • Database Service Manager
        • Servers by broker
        • Client Database-Request Statement Cache
          • Activate database-request statement caching for selected users
          • Activate database-request statement caching for all users
          • Activate database-request statement caching for all users by user type
          • Activate database-request statement caching for all future users
          • Activate database-request statement caching for all future users by user type
          • Deactivate database-request statement caching for selected users
          • View database-request statement caching
          • Specify a directory for database-request statement caching files
          • Specify the size of the database-request statement cache
        • Schema Locks & Wait Queue
        • Broker Startup Parameters
      • R&D Activity Displays
        • Summary
        • Servers
        • Buffer Cache
        • Page Writers
        • BI Log
        • AI Log
        • Lock Table
        • I/O Operations By Type
        • I/O Operations by File
        • Space Allocation
        • Index
        • Record
        • Other
      • R&D Other Displays
        • Performance Indicators
        • I/O Operations by Process
        • Lock Requests by User
        • Checkpoints
        • I/O Operations by User by Table
        • I/O Operations by User by Index
        • LOB I/O operations in PROMON
        • Total Locks per User
      • R&D Administrative Functions
        • Check Active Transaction Status
        • Check Two-Phase Transactions
        • Resolve Limbo Transactions
        • Adjust Latch Options
        • Adjust Page Writer Options
        • Restricted Options
        • Server Options
        • Enable/disable block level consistency check
        • Shutdown Database
        • Disconnect a tenant's users
        • Adjust Governor options
        • Caches
        • Diagnostic Data Collection
        • Adjust Startup Parameters
        • Modify database startup parameters online using PROMON
        • Generate parameter file
      • R&D Adjust Monitor Options
      • Advanced R&D
      • PROMON 2PC Transactions Control option
      • PROMON Resolve 2PC Limbo Transactions option
      • PROMON 2PC Coordinator Information option
      • PROMON Resolve JTA Transactions option
      • PROMON Modify Defaults option
    • PROUTIL Utility
      • PROUTIL utility syntax
      • PROUTIL 2PHASE BEGIN qualifier
      • PROUTIL 2PHASE COMMIT qualifier
      • PROUTIL 2PHASE END qualifier
      • PROUTIL 2PHASE MODIFY qualifier
      • PROUTIL 2PHASE RECOVER qualifier
      • PROUTIL ACTIVATECDC qualifier
      • PROUTIL ACTIVATEDDM qualifier
      • PROUTIL AUDITARCHIVE qualifier
      • PROUTIL AUDITLOAD qualifier
      • PROUTIL AUDITRECONFIG qualifier
      • PROUTIL BIGROW qualifier
      • PROUTIL BULKLOAD qualifier
      • PROUTIL BUSY qualifier
      • PROUTIL CHANALYS qualifier
      • PROUTIL CODEPAGE-COMPILER qualifier
      • PROUTIL CONV1112 qualifier
      • PROUTIL CONV1112 REPLSOURCE qualifier
      • PROUTIL CONV1112 REPLTARGET qualifier
      • PROUTIL CONV1213 qualifier
      • PROUTIL CONV1213 REPLSOURCE qualifier
      • PROUTIL CONV1213 REPLTARGET qualifier
      • PROUTIL CONVCHAR qualifier
      • PROUTIL CONVFILE qualifier
      • PROUTIL DATAMOVE qualifier
      • PROUTIL DBANALYS qualifier
        • Database analysis output
          • Output file format
      • PROUTIL DBAUTHKEY qualifier
      • PROUTIL DBIPCS qualifier
      • PROUTIL DBRESTRICT qualifier
      • PROUTIL DEACTIVATECDC qualifier
      • PROUTIL DEACTIVATEDDM qualifier
      • PROUTIL DEALLOCATE qualifier
      • PROUTIL DESCRIBE qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLEAUDITING qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLEAUTHGATEWAY qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLEB2 qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLECDC qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLEDDM qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLEENCRYPTION qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLEJTA qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLEKEYEVENTS qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLEMULTITENANCY qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLEREADONLYPARTITIONS qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLETABLEPARTITIONING qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISABLETDEDBPOLICYMANAGEMENT qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISPOBJECTDEFAULTAREA qualifier
      • PROUTIL DISPTOSSCREATELIMITS qualifier
      • PROUTIL DUMP qualifier
      • PROUTIL DUMPSPECIFIED qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLEAUDITING qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLEAUTHGATEWAY qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLEB2 qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLECDC qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLEDDM qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLEENCRYPTION qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLEJTA qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLEKEYEVENTS qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLELARGEKEYS qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLEMULTITENANCY qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLEREADONLYPARTITIONS qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLESTOREDPROC qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLETABLEPARTITIONING qualifier
      • PROUTIL ENABLETDEDBPOLICYMANAGEMENT qualifier
      • PROUTIL EPOLICY INFO qualifier
      • PROUTIL EPOLICY MANAGE qualifier
      • PROUTIL EPOLICY SCAN qualifier
      • PROUTIL EPOLICY VIEW qualifier
      • PROUTIL HOLDER qualifier
      • PROUTIL HSMVALIDATE qualifier
      • PROUTIL IDXACTIVATE qualifier
      • PROUTIL IDXANALYS qualifier
      • PROUTIL IDXBLOCKREPORT qualifier
      • PROUTIL IDXBUILD qualifier
      • PROUTIL IDXCHECK qualifier
      • PROUTIL IDXCOMPACT qualifier
      • PROUTIL IDXDEACTIVATE
      • PROUTIL IDXFIX qualifier
      • PROUTIL IDXMOVE qualifier
      • PROUTIL INCREASETO qualifier
      • PROUTIL IOSTATS qualifier
      • PROUTIL LOAD qualifier
      • PROUTIL LOBANALYS qualifier
      • PROUTIL MTIDXBUILD qualifier
      • PROUTIL MVSCH qualifier
      • PROUTIL PARTITIONMANAGE ALTER qualifier
      • PROUTIL PARTITIONMANAGE COPY qualifier
      • PROUTIL PARTITIONMANAGE MERGE qualifier
      • PROUTIL PARTITIONMANAGE RENAME qualifier
      • PROUTIL PARTITIONMANAGE SPLIT qualifier
      • PROUTIL PARTITIONMANAGE TRUNCATE qualifier
      • PROUTIL PARTITIONMANAGE VIEW qualifier
      • PROUTIL PROBE qualifier
      • PROUTIL RCODEKEY qualifier
      • PROUTIL SETAREACREATELIMIT qualifier
      • PROUTIL SETAREATOSSLIMIT qualifier
      • PROUTIL SETLOBCREATELIMIT qualifier
      • PROUTIL SETLOBTOSSLIMIT qualifier
      • PROUTIL SETOBJECTDEFAULTAREA qualifier
      • PROUTIL SETTABLECREATELIMIT qualifier
      • PROUTIL SETTABLETOSSLIMIT qualifier
      • PROUTIL TABANALYS qualifier
      • PROUTIL TABLEMOVE qualifier
      • PROUTIL TABLEREORG qualifier
      • PROUTIL TPIDXBUILD qualifier
      • PROUTIL TRUNCATE AREA qualifier
      • PROUTIL TRUNCATE BI qualifier
      • PROUTIL UPDATESCHEMA qualifier
      • PROUTIL UPDATEVST qualifier
      • PROUTIL VIEWB2 qualifier
      • PROUTIL WBREAK-COMPILER qualifier
      • PROUTIL WORD-RULES qualifier
      • PROUTIL ZEROSTATS qualifier
    • PROSTRCT Utility
      • PROSTRCT utility
      • PROSTRCT ADD qualifier
      • PROSTRCT ADDONLINE qualifier
      • PROSTRCT BUILDDB qualifier
      • PROSTRCT CLUSTER CLEAR qualifier
      • PROSTRCT CREATE qualifier
      • PROSTRCT LIST qualifier
      • PROSTRCT REMOVE qualifier
      • PROSTRCT REMOVEONLINE qualifier
      • PROSTRCT REORDER AI qualifier
      • PROSTRCT REPAIR qualifier
      • PROSTRCT STATISTICS qualifier
      • PROSTRCT UNLOCK qualifier
    • RFUTIL Utility
      • RFUTIL utility syntax
      • RFUTIL AIARCHIVER DISABLE qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIARCHIVER ENABLE qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIARCHIVER END qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIARCHIVER SETDIR qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIARCHIVER SETINTERVAL qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIARCHIVE EXTENT qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIARCHIVE NEXTEXTENT qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE AIOFF qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE BEGIN qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE END qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE EXTENT EMPTY qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE EXTENT FULL qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE EXTENT LIST qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE EXTRACT qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE NEW qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE QUERY qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE SCAN qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE SUMMARY qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIMAGE TRUNCATE qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIVERIFY PARTIAL qualifier
      • RFUTIL AIVERIFY FULL qualifier
      • RFUTIL MARK BACKEDUP qualifier
      • RFUTIL ROLL FORWARD qualifier
      • RFUTIL ROLL FORWARD OPLOCK qualifier
      • RFUTIL ROLL FORWARD RETRY qualifier
      • RFUTIL ROLL OPUNLOCK qualifier
      • RFUTIL SEQUENCE qualifier
    • Other Database Administration Utilities
      • Parameters for authentication
      • DBMAN utility
      • DBPOLICYUTIL utility
      • DBTOOL utility
        • Running DBTOOL
      • DSRUTIL utility
      • mergeprop utility
        • Java API
      • PROADSV utility
      • PROBKUP utility
      • PROCLUSTER utility
      • PROCOPY utility
      • PRODB utility
      • PRODEL utility
      • PROLOG utility
      • PROREST utility
    • SQL Utilities
      • SQLDUMP utility
      • SQLLOAD utility
      • SQLSCHEMA utility
    • Virtual System Tables
      • Update access to virtual system tables
      • Accessing VSTs with ABL or SQL
      • Modifiable VSTs on Replication Targets
      • VSTs for LOB Activity
      • Virtual system table summaries
        • After-image log activity (_ActAILog)
        • Before-image log activity (_ActBILog)
        • Buffer activity (_ActBuffer)
        • Index activity (_ActIndex)
        • Input/output activity (_ActIOFile)
        • Input/output type activity (_ActIOType)
        • Lock table activity (_ActLock)
        • Other activity (_ActOther)
        • Private buffer activity (_ActPrivBuffer)
        • Page writer activity (_ActPWs)
        • Record activity (_ActRecord)
        • Server activity (_ActServer)
        • Space allocation activity (_ActSpace)
        • Summary activity (_ActSummary)
        • Area status (_AreaStatus)
        • Area threshold (_AreaThreshold)
        • Block (_Block)
        • Buffer status (_BuffStatus)
        • Cache (_Cache)
        • Checkpoint (_Checkpoint)
        • Code Features (_Code-Feature)
        • Database connection (_Connect)
        • Database features (_Database-Feature)
        • Database startup parameters file status (_DbParams)
        • Database status (_DbStatus)
        • Database file status (_Filelist)
        • Index statistics (_IndexStat)
        • Latch statistics (_Latch)
        • License management (_License)
        • LOB activity (_LOBStat)
        • Lock table status (_Lock)
        • Lock request (_LockReq)
        • Logging (_Logging)
        • Master block (_MstrBlk)
          • Master block flags for troubleshooting damaged databases
        • User connection (_MyConnection)
        • Resource queue statistics (_Resrc)
        • Segments (_Segments)
        • Servers (_Servers)
        • SQL query plan (_SQL_Qplan)
        • Table statistics (_TableStat)
        • Transaction (_Trans)
        • Transaction end lock statistics (_TxeLock)
        • User index activity (_UserIndexStat)
        • Database input/output (_UserIO)
        • User LOB activity (_UserLOBStat)
        • Record locking table (_UserLock)
        • User status (_UserStatus)
        • User table activity (_UserTableStat)
Table of Contents

Area numbers

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  • Last Updated: February 11, 2026
  • 1 minute read
    • OpenEdge
    • Version 13.0
    • Documentation

Assigning area numbers is optional and the maximum can be controlled with a startup parameter.

An OpenEdge database can have area numbers up to 32,000. Area numbers are discussed in the related links.

Contents
  • Area number assignment
  • Trim unused area memory
  • Error checking
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